Who were the great Jewish thinkers?

One thing Jews do well: study! These ten philosophers — thinkers, rabbis, leaders; much admired, some quite controversial — placed study, learning, and the search for truth at the forefront of their lives. They left us with lasting works of enormous depth and wisdom, from the shortest of phrases (“If not now, when?”) to gargantuan volumes of Jewish law, ritual, and culture.

Photograph: a mural near Mahane Yehuda market, Jerusalem.